Dear Readers,
Due to a technical problem, newsletter no. 54 was not correctly
dispatched over the information highways last Tuesday. Apologies! ...
this is how it went ...
The UNESCO world heritage
site of the abbey of Montmajour, on a hill beside the Roman city of
Arles displays three architectural themes relating to the different
periods of its construction. We take a look in this newsletter.
Top properties are a farmhouse in the Lozere region of the Languedoc
and new leaseback options in the Herault and Paris regions.
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Theme of the fortnight: Montmajour Abbey (near Arles)
Montmajour has a striking silhouette - not what one might call the most
harmonious building ensemble, and very different to the abbeys of
Moissac and Fontfroide, exemplary examples respectively near Toulouse
and Narbonne (the latter was described in the newsletter
of April 3rd), but a fascinating juxtaposition of religious
architecture stretching from the 10th to the 19th century. The abbey
was founded in 948 on a rocky outcrop above what would have been
marshland and Benedictine monks were to remain there till 1790. The
abbey,
like its model, the monastery of Lérins on the ile St. Honorat near
Cannes, was a school for virtue and devotion, a place of exile against
persecution, and a studio for arts and literature, from which came for
example a first anthology of Provencal poetry.
The abbey visit begins with the 12th century crypt, the only building
of its kind in Provence and a genuine lower church. It has a rotunda,
an ambulatory and radiating chapels in an elegant Romanesque style. Its
stature in the history of christianity is great - it was a place of
exile for saints Trophime and Césaire, and emporer Charlemagne is known
to have visited. Note the stones inscribed by masons to ensure their
labours
were recognised and paid for.
Above the crypt is the abbey or upper church, the heart of monastic
life and also in Romanesque style typical of the middle of the 12th
century. The chancel is as wide as the nave, giving it uncluttered
aesthetics. Inventories of the 18th century however bear witness to a
wealth of
furniture, decorations and paintings, all absent today.
Beside it, the cloister dates also to the 12th century, but underwent
changes though the following centuries and restoration in the 19th
century. Imaginary animals, plants and human faces decorate pillar
capitals, with fantasy creatures and devils surrounded by flames. The
presence of acanthus foliage is indicative of a generalised obsession
among religious orders for antiquity. Astonishing also in the cloister
are the tombstones, implying that the interior of the abbey was a
burial ground - here were laid to rest over many centuries prelates,
noblemen, knights, distinguished ladies, and obscure monks. Equally
surprising is the medieval naval graffiti - discovered in 1993 and
scientifically dated to the 12th and 13th centuries - from which
specialists have drawn information on the types of boats used at the
period. The cloister gives access to various rooms that were at the
heart of monastic life.
Behind the cloister, the classically designed 18th century building, no
more than a shell today, but with magnificent facades is the Saint-Maur
monastery built between 1703 and 1736 under instructions from Avignon
architect Pierre Mignard. This was occupied by the reformed Benedictine
community that had settled in Montmajour in 1639.
The 14th century tower is a striking part of the abbey silhouette
giving it a distinctly defensive slant. It dates to 1373 and was built
under the authority of the then Pope, in nearby Avignon. It is perhaps
for this reason that it shares a resemblance with the towers of the
Papal Palace with roundly backed stones. At the top of the tower vistas
extend for many miles to Arles, Tarascon, la Crau and the Alpilles
mountains.
The final stage of the visit is the rock cemetery - a garden in which
tombs were gouged out of the rock. Prosper Merimée of the Governmental
departments formed for the preservation of national monuments
dispatched to Montmajour in 1834 noted a total absence of traces of
bone in the tombs during his trip. There is, needless to say, little
more nowadays.
Events at the abbey
During the summer, the abbey hosts photography exhibitions, as part
of the citywide summer photography festival. Since July 1st and closed
on September 16th 2007, the abbey has hosted two photography
exhibitions, the first on the experimental French 'Zuber Studio' formed
in the 1930s, and the second, focussing on German photographer Walter
Roil, in Patagonia.
Current photography exhibitions
Zuber studio: founded in 1932, the so called 'Zuber studio' bears
witness to the rebirth of photography in the period between two world
wars. Photographers René Zuber, Pierre Boucher, Emeric Feher and
Denise Bellon were the main figures, deploying their skills in
advertising - for a source of income - , nudes and documentary.
Colleagues, but importantly friends
during the period, the Zuber photographers, through their
experimentation, gained widespread diffusion in magazines of the
period,
giving them great notoriety and leading to the creation of the first
French cooperative
agency - Alliance Photo.
Photographer Walter Roil travelled to the Patagonia province of
Argentina in
1926 where he opened
a studio in Rio Gallegos, the capital of the Santa Cruz province. A
portrait photographer, his aim was to accurately depict the hard life
of the population of the period. His body of work covers three decades.
Other Events at the Abbey
An initiation to photography for children at the abbey will be
taking place on the weekend of October 6th and 7th between 10am and
5pm, organised and supervised by students of the school of photography
in Arles. For further information call +33 (0)490 546 417
Functions
The abbey can be rented out for functions between 1st September and
the 30th June (after closing
time of the monument) for
cocktail parties, dinners, weddings - a maximum of 300 people can be
hosted in the
monument.
Further information
http://montmajour.monuments-nationaux.fr/en/?fl_r=12
Top Properties:
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Ref. 39 (Leaseback
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James Properties France (JPF) serves primarily an English speaking,
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